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The switch S1 is used to introduce distortion. With S1 open the THD of the circuit is negligible but upon closing it the distortions are introduces in the output of the circuit. The type of distortions produced depends upon the type of diodes D1 & D2 employed & their magnitude can be varied by varying the trimpot VR1. As said earlier that the gain of the circuit is adjustable & this is carried out also by varying VR1. But care should be taken to see that it is not more than 27, otherwise IC1 shall be overloaded & the output will be distorted even if S1 is open. Such an action should be avoided as it can damage IC1.

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